MOSCOW AGREEMENT BETWEEN TURKEY ROSSIEYI March 16, 1921

მასალები საქართველოს ისტორიისათვის The Government of the Russian Socialist Federative Republic and the Government of the Grand National Assembly of Turkey, sharing the principles of brotherhood of nations and the right of peoples to self-determination, noting existing between them solidarity in the struggle against imperialism, as well as the fact that all sorts of difficulties created for one of the two peoples, worsen the situation another, and wholly enchanting desire to establish between them constant and cordial relations unbreakable friendship based on the mutual interests of both sides, ESHILI conclude a treaty of friendship and brotherhood and appointed for this as their plenipotentiaries: The Government of the Russian Socialist Federative Soviet Republic: Georgiya Vasilevicha Chicherina People's Commissar for Foreign Affairs and a member of the All-Russian Central Executive Committee, and Dzhelal Edina Korkmasova, a member of the All-Russian Central Committee, The Government of the Grand National Assembly of Turkey: Yusun Kemal Bey, and People's Commissar for the national economy of the Grand National Assembly of Turkey Kastamonu deputy in the same meeting, Dr. Riza Nur Bey, the People's Commissar for Education of the Grand National Assembly of Turkey, Sinop deputy at the same meeting, Ali Faud Pasha, Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary of the Grand National Assembly of Turkey, a member of the Angora in the Grand National Assembly, Who, after exchanging full powers, found in good and due form, have agreed as follows: Article I Each Contracting Party agrees in principle not to recognize any treaty of peace or other international instruments, the adoption of which would be obliged by the power of the other Contracting Party. RSFSR Government agrees not to recognize any international act concerning Turkey which has not been recognized by the National Government of Turkey, is now represented by its Grand National Assembly. Under the concept of Turkey in this contract, the territories included in the Turkish National Pact of January 28, 1336 (1920), developed and proclaimed by the Ottoman Chamber of Deputies in Constantinople and to the press and to all States. The northeast border of Turkey is defined by: a line which, starting from the village of Sarp on the Black Sea, passes through the mountain Hedis-Mta, the line of the watershed mountains Shevshet Mountain Kannin Dag, it always follows the northern administrative border of Ardahan and Kars sanjaks thalweg Arnachay river Araks and to the mouth of the Lower Kara-Suu (a detailed description of the boundaries, and questions relating thereto, are defined in annex I (A) and (B) and on the attached map signed by both contracting parties). Article II Turkey agrees to cede to Georgia's sovereignty over the port and city of Batum and the territory to the north of the border referred to in Art. I-th of the current contract, which formed part of the Batumi District, provided that: 1) The population of the territories specified in this article of the treaty would enjoy broad local administrative autonomy that each community will have the opportunity to establish the law of the land corresponding to its provisions. 2) Turkey will be provided free transit of all goods sent to Turkey or from it via the Batumi port, duty free, without perpetrated any delay and without imposing them whatever it was taxes, with the provision of Turkish rights to use the port of Batumi without charging for it special fees. Article III Both contracting parties agree that Nahcivan area within the boundaries specified in the appendix (C) of this agreement, forms an autonomous territory under the protection of Azerbaijan, provided that Azerbaijan not yield this protectorate any third State. In forming the triangle area Nakhichevan area included between thalweg Araks and west line through the mountain Dagnii (3829) Veli Dag (4121) Bagarzik (6587) Kemurlu Dag (6930), said border line areas, starting from the mount Kemurlu- Dag (69303), passing through the mountain Sorai bulak (8071) Ararat station and terminating at the crossing with Kara-Su Araxes be corrected Commission consisting of Turkey delegates Azerbaijan and RA. Article IV The two Contracting Parties, noting the contact between the national liberation movement of the peoples of the East and the struggle of Russian workers for the new social order, solemnly recognize these peoples' right to freedom and independence, and equally their right to choose the form of government, according to their desire. Article V In order to ensure the opening of the Straits and the free passage of merchant ships of all nations, both Contracting Parties agree to submit the final production of the international status of the Black Sea and the Straits of future conference of delegates of the coastal states, provided that the decisions there reached encroach upon the sovereignty of Turkey, as well as security of Turkey and its capital of Constantinople. Article VI The two Contracting Parties recognize that all treaties hitherto concluded between the two sides meet mutual interests. They therefore agree to accept these contracts canceled and void. The Government of the Russian Socialist Federative Soviet Republic states inter alia that it considers Turkey free from all her money or other obligations based on international instruments, previously concluded between Turkey and the tsarist government. Article VII The Government of the Russian Socialist Federative Soviet Republic, considering the capitulations is incompatible with the free national development of all countries, as well as with the full exercise of its sovereign rights, he considers as null and abrogate the rights and actions that have any relation to this regime. Article VIII The two Contracting Parties undertake to prevent the formation or presence on their territory of organizations or groups pretending to the role of the Government of the other party or part of its territory, as well as host groups, with the aim of the struggle with other states. Russia and Turkey assume the same obligation in relation to the Soviet republics of the Caucasus, on the condition of reciprocity. Considered to be established that the Turkish territory mentioned in this article refers to the territory under the direct civil and military administration of the Grand National Assembly of Turkey. Article IX In order to ensure continuity of relations between the two countries, the Contracting Parties undertake to adopt, by means of joint coordination of all measures necessary for the conservation and development in the possible speed railway, telegraph and other means of communication, as well as to ensure the free movement of people and goods between the two parties, without ANY KIND any delay. However, it is recognized that in relation to movement, entry and departure of travelers and goods are fully applied established in each country in this respect the rules. Article X Nationals of both Contracting Parties in the territory of the other party will be subject to all the rules and obligations arising from the laws of the country in which they reside, except for those concerning the national defense, from whom they will be released. Issues relating to family law, inheritance rights and the capacity of citizens on both sides are also excepted from the provisions of this article. They are allowed by special agreements. Article XI The two Contracting Parties agree to apply the principle of most-favored citizens of each of the Contracting Parties residing in the territory of the other party. This Article shall not apply to the rights of citizens of the Union of Soviet Republics of Russia, as well as the rights of citizens of Muslim countries allied with Turkey. Article XII All inhabitants of territory, making up to 1918godu part of Russia, what the Government of the Russian Socialist Federative Soviet Republic recognize who is now under the sovereignty of Turkey on the basis of this agreement, shall have the right freely to leave Turkey and take along their belongings and their property, or their value. Same right extends to residents of the territory of Batum, sovereignty over Wherein Turkey this contract gives Georgia. Article XIII Russia agrees to return to Turkey at his own expense to the north-eastern border of Turkey, the continuation of a 3-month period for the European Russia and the Caucasus, and the 6-month deadline for the Asian Russia, from the date of signing of this treaty, all prisoners of war and civilian prisoners of the Turks, located in Russia. The details of this repatriation will install a special Convention, which will be developed immediately upon the signing of this contract. Article XIV Both Contracting Parties agree that in the near future to conclude a consular convention, as well as agreements governing all economic, financial and other matters necessary to establish between the two countries friendly relations mentioned in the introduction hereto. Article XV Russia agrees to take in relation to the Transcaucasian republics steps necessary for compulsory recognition of these republics in the agreements to be concluded by them with Turkey, the articles of this agreement, directly affecting them. Article XVI This agreement is subject to ratification, the exchange of instruments of ratification takes place in Kars in the shortest possible time. The present agreement will enter into force upon the exchange of instruments of ratification, with the exception of Article XIII. In witness of the above mentioned plenipotentiaries have signed this Treaty and affixed their seals. Done in duplicate at Moscow on March 16th, 1921 (three hundred and thirty-seven one thousand). Georgy Chicherin, Yusuf Kemal Jalal Korkmasov, Dr Riza Nur, Ali Fuad Annexes I (A) and (B) the Treaty of Moscow March 16, 1921 Annex I (A) Northeast Turkey boundary set in the following manner (according to the map scale Russian General Staff 1 / 210.000 5 miles per inch): The village of Sarp on the Black Sea mountain Kara-shalwar (5014), crosses Chorokh north of the village B. Maradidi passes north of the village of Saboor mountain Hedis-MTA (7052) mountain Kva-Kibe, village Kavtareti line of watershed mountains Medzibna Mountain Herat Kessun (6468 ) following then on the line of the watershed mountains Korda (7910) comes out of the western part of the ridge Shavsheti to the former administrative border of the former Artvin district, passing through Shavsheti ridge overlooks the mountain Sara Chai (Kara Issa, 8478) pass Kvirilsky, and from there goes to the former administrative former border Sheha Ardahan district of Mount Kani-Dag, from there toward the north, comes to Mount Tlili (grmani 8357), investigating the former border of Ardahan, it goes to the north-east of the village of Badel, to the river Posch Chai and follows the river south to points north of the village Chapchah, it leaves the river and walking along the watershed goes to Mount Airili-Bashi (8512), passes through the mountains Kelletana (9709), reached the mountain Kasris Seri (9681) and follows the river Karzamet Chai to the Kura river, thence thalweg of the river Kura and point that to the east of the village Kartanakov, which departs from the Kura, etc. ohodya along the line of the watershed of Mount Kara-oglu (7259) there, dividing into two parts the lake Hazanin goes to the altitude (7580), and from there to the mountain Huck-Dag (9152) is in the mountains of Uch-Tanalyar (9783) Tile-Kala ( 9716) - the top 9065, which leaves the former border of Ardahan district and passes through the mountains B. Oh Baba (9063) 8828 8827 7602, passing to the east of the village of Ibish, reaches a height of 7518 and then to Mount Kizil-Dash (7439) village new. Kizil-Dash (Kizil-Dash), passing to the west of the Kara Memed, overlooks the river Dzhambishu Chai, located east of the villages of Delaware, B. Kimlya and Tihnis, through villages and Vartanly Bashi Muragel, following the said river goes to the river Arna Chai north of Kaladi there all the time by following the thalweg Arna-tea leaves to the river Aras follows the thalweg of the Aras to the confluence of the Lower Karasu. (N. B. Of course, the boundary should be along the lines of the watersheds of the above altitudes). Georgy Chicherin, Yusuf Kemal Jalal Korkmasov, Dr Riza Nur, Ali Fuad APPENDIX I (B) Considering that the boundary line, as specified in Annex I (A), are thalwegs rivers Arpa Chai and Araks Government Grand National Assembly undertakes push blockhouses line at a distance of 8 kilometers of railroad Oleksandropil-Erivan in its present tracings in the area of ​​the railway in the Araks district. Lines delimiting the aforementioned areas are lower for the zones Arpachai in paragraphs A and B section I and section Araks zone 2. Zone I. Arpachai A) To the south-east of Vartanly, east of Uzun Kilissa through mount Bozyar (5096), 50825047 east of Karmir Wank Uch-tapa (5578), east of Araz-Oglu, east of Ani, reaches Arpa -tea west of Yeni Cay. B) Leaves Arpa Chai to the east from elevation 5019, goes straight to elevation 5481 to 41/2 miles east of Kyzyl-Kula about a mile east of the river and then Bodzhaly Digor Chai, follows along this river to the village of Duz-Kechut and goes just north of Qarabagh and debris enters the Arna-Tea. II. Araks zone A straight line between Kharaba Alican village and Suleiman (Diza). The areas bounded on one side of the railway line Oleksandropil-Erivan and the other lines arranged at a distance of 8 and 4 kilometers of railway lines above. The Government of the Grand National Assembly undertakes not to erect any fortifications (the line distance is outside the above areas) and do not contain in them the regular troops, however, it retains the right to be in the above areas need troops to maintain order, security and administrative necessities. Georgy Chicherin, Yusuf Kemal Jalal Korkmasov, Dr Riza Nur, Ali Fuad Translated from Russian by Kathy V.  edited E. A