On White and Red Terror - Marx, Engels, Lenin

Draft Cover page

 DRAFT - ANY SUGGESTION, CONTRIBUTION IS WELCOME

The Purpose is not only to debunk the distorted -bourgeois- meaning of the concept, but to clarify the historical meaning, ideological use of term and explain the difference between the "individual terror" and "mass terror", between the "white" and "red" terror.

Red terror - the forcible suppression of oppressors and exploiters, use of force against Fascist dictatorships, imperialist invasion and annexation - either direct or through their proxies and mercenaries; Revolutionary Terror as an integral part of revolution.

White Terror - the torture and execution of  revolutionaries,  workers and peasants through fascist dictatorships, imperialist wars- either direct invasion and annexations or through their proxies and mercenaries- and forced migration; counter-revolutionary terror as an integral part of Counter Revolution.

Few Extracts;

""The purposeless massacres perpetrated since the June and October events, the tedious offering of sacrifices since February and March, the very cannibalism of the counterrevolution will convince the nations that there is only one way in which the murderous death agonies of the old society and the bloody birth throes of the new society can be shortened, simplified and concentrated, and that way is revolutionary terror."

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Printed Books

Creative Commons ShareAlike (CC BY-SA) All the books are priced at publisher's cost. They are all free to download in PDF format - although not all of the PDFs had the final review and editing, they are good enough for the context. Links to the Publisher's page is thru price clicking. Printed links are given for the Institutions to buy.

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Wages of Labor

Karl Marx's Economic and Philosophical Manuscripts

First Manuscript

April and August 1844 

1932 the Institute of Marxism-Leninism in the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics

Wages of Labor

Wages are determined by the fierce struggle between capitalist and worker. The capitalist inevitably wins. The capitalist can live longer without the worker than the worker can live without him. Combination among capitalists is habitual and effective, while combination among the workers is forbidden and has painful consequences for them. In addition to that, the landowner and the capitalist can increase their revenues with the profits of industry, while the worker can supplement his income from industry with neither ground rent nor interest on capital. This is the reason for the intensity of competition among the workers. It is, therefore, only for the worker that the separation of capital, landed property, and labor, is a necessary, essential, and pernicious separation. Capital and landed property need not remain constant in this abstraction, as must the labor of the workers.

So, for the worker, the separation of capital, ground rent, and labor, is fatal.

For wages, the lowest and the only necessary rate is that required for the subsistence of the worker during work and enough extra to support a family and prevent the race of workers from dying out. According to [economist Adam] Smith, the normal wage is the lowest which is compatible with common humanity -- i.e., with a bestial existence. [See Smith, The Wealth of Nations, 2 vols., Everyman edition, Vol. I, p. 61.]

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Stalin, Soviets and İsraeli Question - then and now - 1

index page Stalin, Soviets and İsraeli Question - then and now .

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NOTE OF MINISTER OF FOREIGN MINISTERS OF THE USSR V.M. MOLOTOV TO THE GENERAL SECRETARY OF THE CC VKP (b), CHAIRMAN OF THE COUNCIL OF MINISTERS OF THE USSR I.V. STALIN

October 26, 1947

Secret

In a telegram dated October 27, Vyshinsky reported that the first

The Subcommittee of the Palestinian Committee * has begun to draw up a plan for a transitional Palestine structure on the basis of the unanimously adopted recommendations and the report of the majority of the Special Committee.

Vyshinsky makes the following suggestions:

1. Cancellation of the mandate from January 1, 1948.

2. The withdrawal of British troops no later than 3-4 months from the date of the cancellation of the mandate.

3. Establishment of a transitional period of no more than one year from the date of cancellation of the mandate.

4. The administration of Palestine during the transitional period is entrusted to the UN, represented by the Security Council, through a special commission made up of representatives of the member states.

The Security Council; The seat of the commission is Palestine.

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Stalin, Soviets and İsraeli Question - then and now - 16 - from 1949 Secret Documents

Stalin, Soviets and İsraeli Question - then and now .

FROM THE INFORMATION LETTER OF THE MISSION OF THE USSR IN LEBANON TO THE DEPUTY MINISTER OF FOREIGN AFFAIRS OF THE USSR V.A. ZORIN

April 14, 1949

Secret

During the month of March, the general political situation in the Middle East was characterized by a kind of lull, under the cover of which active preparations were made for violent events that resulted in a coup d'etat in Syria at the end of March.

The main issues during this period include the following: 

1. The Palestinian question

After signing on February 24 this year. The Egyptian-Israeli armistice agreement was followed by the Transjordan-Israeli and the Lebanese-Israeli negotiations continued and the signing of the Lebanese-Israeli agreement on March 23 and the Transjordan-Israeli agreement on April 3 this year. In addition, after a very long and sharp hesitation, the Syrian government in the twenties of March finally decided to negotiate with Israel, which began on April 5 after the accomplished coup d'état in Syria.

A very lively Anglo-American struggle was waged around these negotiations all the time, into which both sides involved their agents and extremely nationalist reactionary elements of the Arab countries. The fact is that, in spite of the most unbridled chauvinist propaganda, the broad masses of the Arab countries began to understand and feel the grave consequences of the Palestinian adventure started by the ruling clique, so they began to put pressure on their governments and force them to end the Palestinian question. However, an agreement between the Arab countries and Israel would deprive the British and Americans of the opportunity to carry out their plans in the Middle East.

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Stalin, Soviets and İsraeli Question - then and now - 15 - Israel's Stand on the issue

Stalin, Soviets and İsraeli Question - then and now .

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RECORDING OF THE CONVERSATION OF THE USSR AMBASSADOR IN ISRAEL P.I. ERSHOVA WITH HEAD OF THE EASTERN EUROPEAN DEPARTMENT OF THE ISRAEL MFA SH. FRIEDMAN

October 17, 1948

Secret

Today, at his request, he received Friedman, who came to the Mission to inform about three issues: the hostilities in the Negev, the new formulation of the question of Jerusalem and the messages received from Paris from Israeli Foreign Minister Shertok.

Regarding the situation in the Negev, Friedman said that on July 16, the day before the start of the second truce, Jewish troops seized the Karatiya point and interrupted Egyptian communications from west to east. At the very beginning of the second truce, Egyptian troops bypassed this point from the southwest, thereby depriving Israel of the opportunity to communicate with the Negev. There was no response from the Jews, since they relied on the UN. Only a month later, on August 18, the chief of staff of the observers, General Landstrom, established the joint use of the Negev road intersection for the Egyptian and Jewish armies. Jewish transports could use this road from 6 o'clock. in the morning to 12 o'clock. days, while the Egyptians from 14 to 20 hours. Israel time. This timetable was supposed to go into effect on August 21, but the Egyptians did not agree to it. On September 14, United Nations Mediator Bernadotte signed Act No. 12, which repeated the above-mentioned conditions for operating the intersection and introduced a ban on the use of aircraft for communications in the area.

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Stalin, Soviets and İsraeli Question - then and now -14 - Position of Jews

 Stalin, Soviets and İsraeli Question - then and now .

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RECORDING OF THE CONVERSATION OF A MEMBER OF THE USSR DELEGATION AT THE THIRD SESSION OF THE UN GENERAL ASSEMBLY S.K. TSARAPKINA WITH MINISTER OF FOREIGN AFFAIRS OF ISRAEL M. SHERTOK AND MEMBER OF THE DELEGATION OF ISRAEL IN THE UN D. LIFSHITS

October 14, 1948

Secret

Today at 4 o'clock I met with Shertok and Lifshitz to clarify the position of the Jews regarding the Bernadotte plan in view of the upcoming discussion of this plan by the General Assembly.

Shertok first outlined the position of the Jewish state.

Bernadotte's plan, he said, is unacceptable to Jews. It is not completely unacceptable, since its points such as the recognition of the existence of Israel and some others are acceptable. The main thing that the Jews cannot agree with is the proposal to deprive the Jewish state of the Negev region. This point in Bernadotte's plan is an attempt to destroy all the original plans of the General Assembly. Shertok said that at the meetings of the General Assembly they will state detailed reasons why they cannot agree to the concession of the Negev to the Arabs (economic reasons, access to the Dead and Red Seas, etc.).

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