Statements of the servicemen of the Red Army in connection with the publication of the article by JV Stalin "Dizziness with success."
No. 90
Statements of the servicemen of the Red Army in connection with the publication of the article by JV Stalin "Dizziness with success . " (from the five-day summary number 12 of the Special Department of the OGPU) 65
1. Performances of kulak-minded elements in the army
In the reporting five-day period, in some districts (for example, BVO, ODVA, KKA), there is a renewed increase in kulak sentiments. In some districts (SIBVO), these sentiments are stable.
BVO. During the five-day period, 361 cases of expressions of kulak sentiments were taken into account. Over the past five days, there were 257 such cases.
KKA. 241 cases were taken into account, of which 32 from the wealthy, 119 from the middle, 31 from the poor, 31 from the poor, 18 from workers and farm laborers, 17 from white-collar workers, and 24 that were not clarified.
OKDVA . 239 performances were recorded in three divisions.
PRIVO. Considered 103 performances. Of 56 people. speakers were: wealthy - 10, middle peasants - 37, poor peasants - 9.
MVO. During the five-day period, 325 performances were taken into account.
UVO. For five days - 494 cases, of which from the wealthy - 132, middle peasants - 214, poor peasants - 71, workers and farm laborers - 21, unexplained - 24.
In recent days, in the speeches of some kulak-minded servicemen, attempts have been noted among those around them to interpret the resolution of the Central Committee of the Party and Comrade Stalin's article on excesses in collectivization work as "proof of the incorrectness of the party's policy on the peasant question."
BVO. 29th division, 85th line [fir-tree] regiment. Kr [assnoarmee] ts Knyazev, middle peasant, in the group of kr [assnoarmey] tsev said: "Not all of us are mistaken, people like Stalin, who at the beginning turned too abruptly the policy on collectivization, and now announces voluntary entry into collective farms" etc.
64th division, artillery regiment. Artmaster Ivanovsky said at political studies: "When the peasants read Comrade Stalin's article, they came to their senses and in the village where 100 farms were registered in collective farms, only 2 remained, and the rest were discharged."
UVO. 120th artillery regiment. One-year-old Rymarevsky said in regard to Comrade Stalin's last article: “Stalin realized that it was necessary to retreat before it was too late. The new line is the second NEP, because without the middle peasant and the kulak, collectivization will not be successful, ”and so on.
SIBVO. 63rd regiment. Peremennik Boyko agitated among those around him: "Collectivization has been abolished by the supreme power, it is on the ground that the communists are doing wrong collectivization."
It is characteristic that such performances are noted in large numbers among the command staff.
BVO. 16th artillery regiment. Dentist Neimark said among the n [ach] with [left]: "Finally, they took up their minds, until now something terrible was going on, they took up dispossession, but do we have kulaks", etc.
99th regiment. Platoon commander Minkov in the group n [ach] with [left] expressed: "Where was Stalin before that he was silent until that time, everything went down the drain from his article."
MVO. 50th bldg [Christmas tree] regiment. Pom. com [andir] of Pronnikov's company expressed his opinion: "What did the Central Committee think before, giving the task of carrying out collectivization."
UVO. Kamenev's school. The teacher Rzhevsky said: “This article is a signal to retreat, but the trouble is that the new directive is not able to stop the arbitrariness. The party's policy is Jesuitical. Aggravation of relations with the West is the regulator of this policy. " [...] 1 *
Beginning NGO OGPU Olsky
Beginning 2 dep. PA OGPU Troitsky
1 * Sections that are not related to the topic of the collection are omitted below.
65 Article I.V. Stalin's "Dizziness with success" was written on behalf of the Politburo of the Central Committee of the All-Union Communist Party of Bolsheviks on February 28, 1930 and published in the newspaper Pravda on March 2, 1930. mass peasant resistance, which endangered the complete disruption of spring sowing in grain areas and even in the country as a whole. From the very beginning, the Politburo was sufficiently aware of everything that was happening in the village, both by the reports of the OGPU and reports from all organizations associated with the village. However, until the end of February, no practical measures were taken to remedy the situation. This, in particular, is evidenced by the transcript of the meeting of the Politburo commission on collectivization and liquidation of the kulaks (commission of S.I.Syrtsov) on February 24. M. I. Kalinin, S.K. Ordzhonikidze, L.M. Kaganovich and Ya.A. Yakovlev spoke with knowledge of what was happening in the village of different regions, but did not touch on either a general assessment of the actual situation, or the need to correct it (AP RF. F. 3. Op. 30. D. 145. L. 53 - 84).
On February 25-26, the Syrtsov commission and the Politburo are still trying, without changing the policy in the countryside, to answer questions related to the report of the People's Commissariat for Land and the summary of the campaign for February 20 (the exact title of the document discussed is “On the results of the next summary on 20.11.30. about the state of preparation for the spring sowing "), although the" questions "definitely signaled an impending catastrophe (see: ibid. L. 105-126, 130-133).
On February 25, Ordzhonikidze receives a rather lengthy letter from the head of the GPU of Ukraine V.A. Balitsky about his "impressions of dispossession of kulaks, the eviction of the kulaks, the practical implementation of collectivization." The letter reported facts about both violence against the peasantry and the peasant protest, nevertheless it ends with assurances that everything "... in Ukraine everything is fine ... everything will be in order." Above the text of the first page, a Stalinist note has been preserved: "An interesting letter" (see: ibid. L. 138 - 144).
And suddenly - on February 26 - in the Central Committee of the CPSU (b) V.M. Molotov receives a note from P.P. Lyubchenko and G.I. Petrovsky, demanding urgent measures to correct the "gross distortion of party directives" in the localities that caused the peasant movement against collectivization. This document contains important elements of Stalin's future article, up to the explanation of the “perversions” of party directives by the “bungling” of local workers: “The information received from Shepetovka on [24] [th] information in the border Pluzhany district arose a mass disturbance that engulfed 13 villages. The crowds, mostly women, led by kulaks and churchmen, demanded the opening of a church, the liquidation of collectives, and the return of public inventory and seeds. In some villages, the crowd numbered up to 400 people, and activists were beaten. ... The reasons for the movement were insufficient preparation in individual villages of collectivization at a forced pace (socialization of inventory, sowing material within two days when deciding a meeting that did not have a quorum), the bungling of the Komsomol, who collected waste materials through mass actual searches of yards; bungling by closing a church in the regional center of Pluzhnoye and an inventory of the church's property by the village council of the village ... They proposed to make a decisive withdrawal of the leaders of the kulaks, providing it with political work. We are taking measures to cover adjacent areas with political work in order to localize the movement. It was proposed to arrest persons who were really involved in a gross perversion of party directives that offended the poor and middle peasants and to explain to the peasantry the unauthorized actions of individual workers. " (see: ibid. L. 146-147).
On February 26-27, similar reports are received from Alma-Ata and Voronezh (see: ibid. L. 148-151). On February 28, the Bureau of the Moscow Committee is considering the issue of "the political situation in the Moscow countryside in connection with the events in the Pitelinsky District of the Ryazan District" (ibid. D. 146. L. 7-11) (note by V.P. Danilov).
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