Special report of the OGPU about counter-revolutionary manifestations during preparation for spring sowing in Ukraine. February 25, 1934
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| Newspaper "In battle" (Organ of the OUN). June 20, 1941 |
February 25, 1934
No. 148779
Top secret
Secretary of the Central Committee of the All-Union Communist Party of Bolsheviks Comrade Stalin
Secretary of the Central Committee of the All-Union Communist Party of Bolsheviks Comrade Kaganovich
Chairman of the Council of People's Commissars of the USSR Comrade Molotov
I am sending you a special message about k.-r. manifestations during preparation for spring sowing in Ukraine.
Deputy Chairman of the OGPU
Agranov
№ 106143
To the head of the SPO OGPU Comrade Molchanov
Materials on opened and liquidated for the last two months k.-r. formations (mainly within the collective farms) show that the activities of the kulak-anti-Soviet elements are aimed at disorganizing the most important areas of preparation for sowing and at disrupting the successes achieved by the collective farms in the past economic year. The activity of the class enemy is mainly aimed at:
1) for the destruction of seed stocks on collective farms through the organized theft of seed and the creation of such storage conditions under which the seeds warm up, germinate and become completely unusable. In a number of cases, knowingly poor-quality seeds are backfilled, and work on grain cleaning and variety exchange is disrupted. In order to disrupt the planned tasks for filling seeds, concealment of pure-grade grain from accounting and delaying the threshing of spring crops is practiced.
On the collective farm Yanovo, Tepliksky district, the c.-r. a kulak group consisting of: the chairman of the collective farm - the son of a priest, the accountant - a former deacon, head. pig farm - a former guard and three foremen - in the past kulaks. Members of the group plundered 25 centners of sowing wheat. In addition, as a result of the criminal inactivity of the members of the group, who were responsible for the safety of the sowing fund, 25% of the sowing material rotted.
On the collective farm A group of former Petliurists was unearthed in Midentsy, Lyubarsky district, through whose fault the sowing fund of early spring crops was covered with poor-quality seeds, and their cleaning is disrupted; Trieres and grain-cleaning machines available on the collective farm are not being repaired. The band members sold a significant amount of bread at the market.
On the collective farm Lenin A[ndreevo]-Ivanovsky district, a kulak group was liquidated, which included the chairman of the collective farm Melentyev - a fist; board member Kushmanus - fist; the collective farmer Cheban, a relative of Melentiev, is anti-Soviet; collective farmer Verbitsky, a native of a kulak family; They were also hidden from accounting 160 pounds. pure wheat.
2) Incapacitation of the horse population by deliberately wrecking care of the horse (untimely feeding and watering, giving horses unsuitable feed - rotten straw, unsteamed chaff, keeping stables in unsanitary conditions, not warming them, etc.).
In many cases, there is a barbaric attitude towards horse stock: horses are driven, the weakest and sickest are used for heavy work, sick horses are not isolated. The facts of beating, mutilation of horses are not uncommon. As a result, there is a depletion of a significant part of the horse stock, an epizootic of scabies is widespread, and self-abortion of a significant number of pregnant queens is noted. Of the other, less common, but worthy of attention, kulak methods for incapacitating horses, is the deprivation of the livestock of the fodder base: the available fodder is plundered, squandered, or damaged due to its criminal storage.
On the collective farm Petrovsky, Nekhvoroshchansky district, the c.-r. a kulak group of three kulaks who had crawled into the collective farm as grooms. For a long period, these persons fed horses with rotten sex, used foal queens for hard work. As a result of the wrecking activities of this group, most of the horses are severely depleted. 10 pregnant queens were self-aborted.
In the collective farm "Shlyakh Lenina" of the Gadyachsky district, a k.-r. a kulak group consisting of the chairman of the collective farm Bakut - a former political bandit, board member Gavrilenko - a former church elder, deputy. Chairman of the village council Klimenko - a drunkard who in the past kept in touch with gangs, foreman Gavrilko - a former political bandit, member of the Revolutionary Commission Gavrilko - a middle peasant, a drunkard associated with the kulaks, clerk Martynovich - a former ensign. In order to disrupt the spring sowing, the members of the group carried out work aimed at reducing the working livestock. Quite suitable horses were culled by them and sold for next to nothing. In this way, they sold 20 horses. The remaining horses, as a result of criminal mismanagement, are severely exhausted and unsuitable for work.
Similar k.-r. groupings that set themselves the task of incapacitating working cattle have been eliminated in some collective farms of Khmelevsky, Semenovsky, Volchansky, Bolshe-Yanisolsky and other districts.
3) Disruption of the repair of the tractor fleet by disorganizing the work of repair shops, artificially delaying the deadlines and poor-quality repair of tractors. To this end, spare parts and repair materials are plundered, artificial difficulties are created in obtaining spare parts, obviously worthless, worn out parts are used, etc. In some cases, foreign iron objects are found in repaired tractors, deliberately embedded in critical parts, which, when the engines are running, would cause breakdowns and accidents.
In Miropolskaya MTM revealed k.-r. wrecking group in the composition of the head. MTM Pavlov - a former white officer, mechanics Romanenko, Primenko and others. The group's activities were aimed at the collapse of the MTM and disruption of the repair of the tractor fleet. Tractors were repaired in a sabotage way, unusable and worn-out spare parts were deliberately installed. A special check established that the repaired tractors would have failed in the very first days of operation. Members of the group "dispossessed" the MTS tractors, and valuable parts were plundered.
In the Ananyevskaya MTM, during the run-in of a KhTZ tractor released from repair, an accident occurred, part of the engine was destroyed. When checking, it turned out that a bolt was embedded in the differential gear. In another tractor, a bronze tube was found in the cylinder, which would also lead to breakage during start-up. Similar facts of sabotage repairs of tractors have been registered in Cherkasy, Globinsky, Poltava, Gorodok and a number of other districts.
4) Artificial creation of food difficulties on the collective farms. The most characteristic in this regard are the following facts of organized deliberate destruction of the harvested crop.
In the collective farm "1st Five-Year Plan" of the Voznesensky District, a k.-r. grouping consisting of: the chairman of the collective farm Zagrebelny, the supply manager Kosherailo, head. the barn of Mitsik, Kolchak's accountant, Makarenko's board member. As a result of the wrecking work of the members of the group, 100 centners of wheat, 34 centners of barley, and 30 centners of sunflower fell into disrepair in 3 barns of the collective farm. The spoilage of this grain was carried out in order to cause difficulties and dissatisfaction among the collective farmers.
For the same purpose, the accountant Kolchak deliberately confused the accounting of workdays, as a result of which many collective farmers received the most insignificant amount of bread, while the rulers were given 2 q per workday. The final settlement with the collective farmers was deliberately delayed until the bread spoiled. The members of the group have been held accountable.
In the collective farm "Pamyat Ilyich" of the Kakhovka district, a k.-r. wrecking group, which included: the chairman of the collective farm Evmenov - the brother of a White Guard who emigrated to France, a member of the board Gadilo, the supply manager Vasilenko, the storekeeper Shatokhin. In order to cause difficulties and disrupt the spring sowing, members of the group left 500 pounds in the field. beetroot, which has fallen into complete disrepair, 200 pounds were rotted in the same way. potatoes, 600 pounds. hay, 150 pounds. onions, etc. In order to hide the traces of crimes, the storekeeper Shatokhin destroyed the records of the collective farm. The members of the group have been held accountable.
In the collective farm "More beautiful life" Dobrovelichkovsky district liquidated k.-r. a sabotage group consisting of: the chairman of the collective farm, Manko, the son of a policeman; the field farmer Tarasenko, the son of a gendarme; the brigadier Bull, a kulak;
The members of the group deliberately created difficulties by plundering, squandering and destroying food and fodder resources. As a result of the sabotage activities of the members of the group, over 1,000 poods fell into complete disrepair. of bread. The distribution of grain among the collective farmers was deliberately delayed, and the practice of issuing insignificant advances was practiced, and in a number of cases the collective farmers were given grain unfit for human consumption.
Of the less common, but noteworthy forms of k.-r. kulak activity is the wrecking planning of spring sowing in certain areas.
In the apparatus of the Gorzemotdel (Nikolaevsky district), a k.-r. a group that carried out sabotage planning of sown areas. The group included: land department Tkachenko - expelled from the party for a number of crimes and connection with the ASE, the agronomist Rismant - is anti-Soviet, the accounting inspector Pavlenko is the son of a priest, in the past he took part in the k.-r. rebel organization, Inspector Voronov - expelled from the party for ties with the kulaks.
Members of the group reduced the area of the grain wedge in the collective farms and prevented the development of hayfields. In 1934, the area of grain crops was reduced. When drawing up a plan for spring sowing, the area of grain crops was reduced for collective farms not engaged in animal husbandry by expanding the sowing of grasses. For example, the collective farm "Chervoniy Sokol" is planned to sow 102 hectares of forage grasses, while the total area of 300 hectares is available. Thus, grasses make up 33%, while this collective farm is not engaged in animal husbandry at all.
In the collective farm "Chervone Selo" of the Khorolsky district, a k.-r. a grouping of 8 Petliurists, headed by the land surveyor of the district land department, Shtempel, a former big fist.
As a result of the activities of the group, land management on the collective farm in 1934 was carried out clearly in a wrecking manner: solonchak lands were allotted for sowing crops in one area, which are flooded with water in the spring, and completely unusable lands were also allocated in other five areas. The members of the group, subordinating the collective farm youth to their influence, organized “national” evenings, at which Ukrainian chauvinistic songs were sung, such as “Ukraine has not died yet” and others, and conversations were also held on a / s topics.
Active members of the group are held accountable. Land planning carried out in other collective farms is being checked.
In the steppe regions of Ukraine, where additional settlement is carried out, k.-r. kulak elements direct their activity to discredit and disrupt this event. For these purposes, provocative rumors are spread, mainly about the upcoming famine, ethnic hatred is incited, migrants are subjected to bullying and even terrorization (Bolshe-Vyskovsky, Pokrovsky, Savransky, Novo-Ukrainian districts).
Kozelsky
Right:
Makovetskaya
F. 3. Op. 1. D. 64. L. 283-291. Certified copy .
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